第12章 独立成分句
句型164：动词不定式独立成分句
例句：To cut a long story short, we said "No"!
【★】：长话短说，我们回绝了。
【句型点拨】：动词不定式修饰整个句子时为句子的独立成分，作句子状语，该动词不定式一般位于句首。
For the time being, he is unemployed, and to make matters worse, his wife is in the hospital.
★目前他失业了，更糟糕的是，他太太病在医院里。
He owns much property in New York, not to mention a large summer estate in Connecticut.
★他在纽约有很多的财产，更不必说他在康州还有一大幢夏季别墅呢。
He's a nice person, to be sure.
★毫无疑问，他是个好人。
Society, to put it in another way, is a school.
★换种方式说，社会就是一所学校。
The average distance from the earth to the moon is, to be exact, 384,401 kilometers.
★准确说来，地球与月球间的平均距离为384401千米。
The dog is, so to speak, a member of the family.
★那狗可以说是家庭的一员。
To be fair to him, he wasn't entirely to blame.
★说良心话，不能全怪他。
To be frank, you're a bad driver.
★坦率地说，你开车的技术不行。
To be honest, I just don't like him.
★说实话，我就是不喜欢他。
To be sure, leadership does demand a certain toughness.
★诚然，领导者们的确需要一定的坚韧性格。
To begin with, it's too cold. Besides, we've no money.
★首先，天太冷；再者，我们也没有钱。
To confess the truth, she was remarkably plain.
★坦白地说，她实在不漂亮。
To do him justice, we must say that he is generous.
★公平而论，我们应该说他是慷慨的。
To make a long story short, his project ended in a failure.
★长话短说，他的讲话失败了。
To make a long story short, we agreed to disagree.
★长话短说，我们同意各自保留不同的看法。
To put it bluntly, your acting was anything but satisfactory.
★不客气说，你的演技实在差劲。
To put it in another way, she was sweet-tempered.
★换句话说，她脾气非常好。
To take a medical view, all substances are more or less poisonous.
★从医学的角度看，凡是物质或多或少都是有毒的。
To tell the truth, I am not willing to work for such a greedy boss.
★说真的，我不愿为一个这么贪婪的老板干活。
To tell the truth, I have no money with me.
★坦白地说，我身上没有钱。
To tell the truth, the film was a great disappointment to me.
★说实在的，那个影片使我大失所望。
To tell you the truth, I've never met him.
★说真的，我从来没有见过他。
句型165：现在分词独立成分句
例句：Strictly speaking, that school is not very old.
【★】：严格地说，那所学校不算古老。
【句型点拨】：现在分词一般表示句子主语的动作，但是，作独立成分的现在分词与句子主语没有任何联系，它只表示说话人的看法或态度。
Broadly speaking, adjectives are words that qualify nouns.
★广义地说，形容词是修饰名词的词。
I think, personally speaking, it's a good idea.
★就我个人来说，我认为这是个好主意。
Judging by his testimonials, I think he will suit the post.
★从他的推荐信来看，我认为他适合这项工作。
He leads a very active life, considering his age.
★考虑到他的年纪，他的生活是很活跃的。
Man is, properly speaking, based upon hope.
★恰当地说，人靠希望而生。
Generally speaking, the climate of Taiwan is mild all the year round.
★一般说来，台湾的气候全年温和。
Strictly speaking, the subject belongs to rhetoric.
★严格说来，这题属于修辞学。
Judging from his look, he must be sick.
★从他的面容看来，他一定是病了。
Taking all things into consideration, he is an honorable man.
★从各个方面来看，他是个可敬的人。
Judging from your accent, you must be from Scotland.
★从口音上听，你准是苏格兰人。
Generally speaking, English is easier to learn than Arabic.
★一般说来，英语比阿拉伯语好学。
Talking of her stepmother, she became livid with rage.
★说起她继母，她气得脸色发青。
Roughly speaking, people show sympathy for the small and weak.
★人一般都是同情弱小的。
Judging from his previous experience, Helen is very likely to win the first place in this math competition once more.
★根据以往的经验，海伦在这次数学竞赛中很可能又是第一名。
Talking of NASA, what is the annual budget it spends on its space projects ?
★说起美国航空航天局，它每年花费在太空计划上的预算有多少？
Taking everything into consideration, they ought to be given another chance.
★考虑到各方面的情况，他们应该再有一次机会。
Putting it frankly, you have hurt her feeling.
★坦率地说，你伤害了她的感情。
句型166：介词词组独立成分句
例句：In my opinion, the scheme is unsound.
【★】：照我看，这计划不妥。
【句型点拨】：某些表示说话者感情或评价的介词词组可以独立于句子之外，构成独立成分，作句子状语。
As a rule, we get up at six o'clock.
★我们通常6点左右起床。
By the way, have you been able to get in touch with her？
★ 顺便问句，你有没有和她取得联系？
In a word, the plan fell through.
★总之，计划失败了。
In general, his design is good.
★总的说来，他的设计不坏。
In my opinion, Xiao Wang's plan is more practical.
★依我看，小王的计划更切合实际。
In other words, the flow of negative charge in one direction is exactly equivalent to a flow of positive charge in the other direction.
★换言之，沿着一个方向流动的负电荷恰好相当于沿着另一方向流动的正电荷。
In short, they were very happy.
★简言之，他们很幸福。
Nonmetals, on the other hand, are usually poor conductors of heat and electricity.
★另一方面，非金属通常都是热和电的不良导体。
She could, of course, have phoned from the office.
★当然，她可能是在办公室打的电话。
The most important of the forces around us is, of course, gravity.
★我们周围最重要的作用力当然是重力。
The two questions are, in fact, just the same.
★事实上，这两个问题一样。
To our surprise, they arrived before we did.
★想不到他们比我们先到。
Without doubt, the news is true.
★毫无疑问，这消息是真的。
Life, in my opinion, is nothing but a dream.
★在我看来，生活不过是一场梦。
By the way, can you return the book to me I need it tomorrow.
★顺便问一下，你能把书还给我吗？我明天要用到它。
We should have a positive attitude. In other words, we need to be concerned about our problems, but not worried.
★我们应当具有积极的态度。换言之，我们有必要关注自己的问题，而不是忧心忡忡。
In my opinion, Abraham Lincoln was honored mostly in the U.S. because he unified his country.
★在我看来，美国人敬重林肯，主要是他保持了美国的统一。
句型167：形容词独立成分句
例句：Most important, you must keep in mind that language is not taught but learned.
【★】：最重要的是，你必须记住语言不是教会的，而是学会的。
【句型点拨】：某些形容词或形容词词组直接用作状语，作独立成分。它们多半出现在句首，少数出现在句中。
Strange to say, he is still ignorant of it.
★说也奇怪，他还不知道这件事。
I said it would happen, and sure enough, it did happen.
★我说它会发生，它果然发生了。
More important, he's got a steady job.
★更重要的是，他得到了一个稳定的工作。
Sad to say, honesty no longer appears to be the norm.
★很遗憾，诚信似乎不再是行为的准则。
True, I couldn't speak with my lips.
★真的，我不能用我的双唇讲话。
Strange, he often forgets to turn off the lights.
★真奇怪，他经常忘记关灯。
Worse still, the torrential rains washed topsoil from the hillsides.
★更糟糕的是，暴雨冲走了山坡上的浮土。
Most imporatnt of all, these activities have strengthened our ties with the working people.
★最重要的是，这些活动加强了我们和劳动人民的联系。
Strange to say, his hair turned white during the night.
★说也奇怪，他的头发一夜之间变白了。
句型168：副词独立成分句
例句：Curiously enough, he had never seen the little girl.
【★】：说也奇怪，他从未见过那小女孩。
【句型点拨】：副词如果独立于句子之外，用逗号与句子分开，表示说话人的态度，它则作独立成分，是句子副词。
Apparently, she was trying her best to save her child from severe illness.
★很明显，她在尽力设法挽救她那重病的孩子。
Clearly, personal initiative is a demanding quality.
★幸运的是，一个全新的目标就是灵丹妙药。
Curiously, he worked energetically during his mental breakdown.
★离奇古怪的是，他在精神崩溃状态下竟然能精力充沛地工作。
Fortunately, the planes appear to he quite safe.
★幸好，这种飞机好像相当安全。
Frankly Mr Forster neglects his children.
★老实讲，福斯特先生不管他的孩子们。
Honestly, I think you're a little prejudiced.
★说真的，我感觉你有点偏激。
Hopefully, I'll see you tomorrow.
★希望明天能见到你。
Hopefully, we can get this done before dark.
★我们希望能在天黑前把这项工作做完。
Hopefully, we'll be there by dinnertime.
★我们希望吃晚饭的时候到那里。
Evidently, he thinks that he can do no wrong.
★显然，他认为自己不会做错的。
It has, strangely, only recently been discovered.
★奇怪的是，这只是最近才发现。
It turned out we'd been at school together, strangely enough.
★说来也奇怪，我们原来一起上过学。
Luckily, she was in when I called.
★幸好我去时她在。
Most unexpectedly, Toshiko had to return to Japan before her passport had expired.
★非常出乎意料，年子不得不在护照满期之前就返回日本。
Naturally, we should strengthen our cultural ties with other peoples.
★当然，我们应该加强与其他国家人民的文化联系。
Not surprisingly, he protested strongly about it.
★毫不奇怪，他对此表示强烈抗议。
Obviously, television has both advantages and disadvantages.
★显然，电视有优点也有缺点。
Personally, I think he is dishonest, but many people trust him.
★就我个人而言，我认为他不诚实，可是有许多人信任他。
Sadly, he will not be there.
★令人伤心的是，他将不会在那儿。
Sadly, the attitude of many people in business has been to grind every last cent out of every situation.
★令人伤心的是，许多商人都在抓住每个机会，赚取最后一分钱。
Surprisingly enough, in many places even the pilfering of vegetable has disappeared.
★说来奇怪，在许多地方就连偷蔬菜的现象也消失了。
Undoubtedly, the four great inventions in the history of China had an important influence on the progress of world civilization and science.
★无疑，中国历史上的四大发明，对世界文明和科学进步都有着重大的影响。
He has, oddly enough, married eleven times and yet has not a single wife.
★很奇怪，他结过11次婚，却一个妻子也没有。
句型169：句式独立成分句
例句：We are, I believe, one of the advanced nations.
【★】：我相信我们是一个先进的国家。
【句型点拨】：由主语（尤其是第一人称代词）和动词构成的独立成分，一般出现在句中或句末，前后用逗号或破折号与句子其他成分分隔开。
Science is, I believe, nothing but trained and organized common sense.
★我相信科学只是经过训练和组织的常识。
Sincerity, I think, is better than grace.
★我认为诚恳胜于优雅。
History, we know, is apt to repeat itself.
★我们知道历史往往会重演。
It was fortunate, he thought, that the rain had stopped.
★他想幸好雨停了。
I shall finish it, I hope, by the end of the week.
★我希望我能在这周结束前完成它。
Mr Jones, I understand, is a multimillionaire.
★我知道琼斯先生是个大富翁。
He is, I hear, a great scholar.
★我听说他是个伟大的学者。
Two other persons, it is said, had already accomplished the similar feat.
★据说另外两个人早已完成了同样的技艺表演。
The boy has come from the country, I think.
★我想，这男孩来自农村。