第14章 否定句型
句型190：部分否定句
例句：Not everyone of the students will go there. Some of them will stay behind.
【★】：并不是每个学生要到那里去。其中一些人要留下来。
【句型点拨】：含有全体意义的代词或副词，如all，both，every，everybody，everything，everywhere，always，altogether，entirely，wholly等，用于否定结构时，不是全部被否定，而只表示其中的一部分被否定。
All the answers are not correct.
★答案并非全对。
Such a thing is not found everywhere.
★这样的事情并非所有地方都出现。
Not all verse is poetry; not all prose about the past is history, nor is all literary work literature.
★并非所有的韵文是诗，并非所有关于过去的散文都是历史，并非所有的著作都是文学。
She is not happy all the time.
★她并不是一直快乐的。
You can't fool all the people all the time.
★你未必能老是愚弄所有的人。
句型191：全部否定句
例句：I could remember neither the name of the author nor the title of the book.
【★】：对于作者的名字以及书名我都记不得了。
【句型点拨】：no，none，never，nothing，neither，nowhere等词语，汉语译作“没有人”、“从来没有”、“没有任何东西”、“两者都不”、“任何地点都没有”，它们所在的句子表示全部否定，无一例外。
I never feel completely at ease with him.
★我跟他在一块儿时从来没有感到过完全放松。
She goes from one extreme to the other, and either works very hard or does absolutely nothing.
★她总是从一个极端到另一个极端，或者勤奋地工作，或者什么也不做。
A deadlock was reached in the discussion, as neither side would give way to the other.
★讨论形成了僵局，因为哪一方都不愿向对方让步。
There is nowhere for us to sit in here.
★这里没我们坐的地方啦！
We asked several villagers the way to the mine, but none of them was very forthcoming.
★我们向几个村民询问通往矿山的路，但他们都不愿回答。
Neither of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night.
★那对双胞胎谁也没有被捕，因为我昨天在一个晚会上看到他俩。
句型192：含neither或nor的延续否定句
例句：Neither could theory do without practice, nor could practice do without theory.
【★】：理论离不开实践，实践也离不开理论。
【句型点拨】：该句型前半部分含有否定含义，后句因为以neither或nor开头，使用倒装结构。
If you don't agree to our plan, neither will they.
★如果你不同意我们的计划，他们也不会同意。
I haven't been to the summer resorts, neither do I intend to go.
★我没有到过那避暑胜地，我也没有打算去。
He is not under arrest, nor have the police placed any restriction on him.
★他没有被捕，警察也没有限制他的行动。
He didn't say anything about the meeting, nor did his secretary.
★关于会议他没说什么，他的秘书也没说什么。
You can't do it, nor can I, nor can anybody else.
★你不能做那事，我也不能，任何人都不能。
My definition of happiness is probably not the same as yours, nor is yours exactly the same as that of other people.
★我对幸福的定义或许与你的不同，你对幸福的定义和别人的也不完全相同。
句型193：含much less/still less的延续否定句
例句：He doesn't like music, much less dancing.
【★】：他不喜欢音乐，更不必说跳舞了。
【句型点拨】：该句型中，前面分句的谓语被否定，后面分句的much less或still less引导的词组或分句表示追加否定。
She can not read, much less can she write.
★她不会看书识字，更不会写字。
No one would accept the manager's proposal, much less act upon it.
★没有人会接受经理的建议，更甭说按照他的建议去做。
One would not wish to visit the White Mountains in winter, still less would he be willing to live there in that season.
★谁也不想在冬天去游白峰山，在那个季节更没有人住在那里了。
She can hardly understand simple English, still less can she act as an interpreter.
★她连简单的英语都不太懂，更不会当口译。
He never thought of the test, still less did he do it.
★它从没有想到这实验，更谈不上去做了。
I'm not blaming anyone, still less you.
★我根本就没有责怪任何人，更不用说你了。
I didn't even see him, still less talk to him.
★我见都没见过他，哪里还能和他说话呢？
I do not accuse you of falsehood, still less of dishonesty.
★我不会控告你的虚伪，更不会控告你的欺诈。
I've never heard of the woman, still less seen her.
★这个女人我从来没有听说过，更不会见到她。
I don't like to read poems, still less to write a poem.
★我不喜欢读诗，更谈不上写诗了。
We fear no death, still less difficulties.
★我们死都不怕，何况困难。
句型194：含not to mention等的延续否定
例句：Even the teachers found the story difficult to understand, not to mention the pupils.
【★】：就连老师也感到这个故事不好理解，更不用说学生了。
【句型点拨】：该句型中，前面分句的谓语被否定，后面分句的not to mention，not to speak of，let alone，to say nothing of引导的词组表示追加否定。
Although she didn't feel up to it, Alice went to work despite a bad headache—to say nothing of a fever.
★虽然她觉得不能胜任，但是艾丽斯还是不顾严重头痛去干活了——况且她还在发烧。
He can't speak his own native language well, let alone English.
★他母语都说不好，更不用说讲英语了。
Before liberation he was a cart-driver who could barely keep body and soul together, let alone support his family.
★解放前他赶大车，连自己的生活都难以维持，更不用说养家了。
Jim can't drive a car, let alone a truck.
★吉姆连小汽车都不会开，更不用说开卡车了。
The structure of the simple sentence is not clear to me, to say nothing of the complex sentence.
★我连简单句的结构都搞不清楚，更不用说复合句了。
That employee is frequently late and also out a good deal— to say nothing of his laziness.
★那个雇员常常迟到，而且老是不来上班，至于他那懒劲，那就更不用说了。
He cannot afford the ordinary comforts of life, not to speak of luxuries.
★他连日常生活都负担不了，哪里还谈得上奢侈。
The little boy hasn't learned the alphabet, not to mention words.
★这个小男孩连字母有没学，更不用说单词了。(值得注意的是，let alone后可以接用分句。)
I never thought of it, let alone did I do it.
★我想都没想过它，更谈不上去做了。
句型195：双重否定句
例句：There is no rule without exception.
【★】：凡规则皆有例外。
【句型点拨】：该句型同时含有两个否定词，或一个否定词和一个具有否定含义的词、词组等。两次运用否定手段，起到了相互抵消否定意义的作用，变成了强势的肯定。
They never met without quarrelling.
★他们一见面就吵。
Nothing is unexpected.
★一切都在意料中。
Don't fail to come tonight.
★今晚一定来。
I shall not conclude this lecture without one further illustration.
★在我结束这次讲话之前我还要再举一个例证。
I never pass the hut but I think of my miserable childhood.
★每当我走过这间小屋，就想起我苦难的童年。
It is not unusual for ballet dancers to wear out more than one pair of toe shoes during an evening's performance.
★芭蕾舞演员一次演出穿坏一双以上的舞鞋是常有的事。
You can not miss seeing the statue on your way.
★你在路上一定会看到那尊塑像。
It is not rarely that they discuss the matter from all angles.
★他们常常从各个角度探讨这个问题。
There is no right to speak without investigation.
★没有调查就没有发言权。
It is impossible for your team to win without constant training.
★没有经常不断的训练，你们球队就不能获胜。
It is not uncommon for a great scholar to be ignorant in everyday affairs.
★一个伟大的学者，在日常事务上无知，并非罕见。
We are not unprepared for the outcome of the conference.
★为了使这个会议取得成果，我们是有所准备的。
句型196：半否定句
例句：He could hardly earn enough to meet the family's needs.
【★】：他的收入几乎难以满足家庭的需要。
【句型点拨】：含有hardly，seldom，little，scarcely，few，rarely等词的句子，被称为半否定句。
It's true she made a mistake but she hardly deserves to lose her job.
★她的确犯了错，但不至于就丢掉工作。
So deafening was the noise that I could hardly hear myself speak.
★噪音这样大，我连自己的声音也几乎听不见了。
Ever since he graduated he has been a busy man and seldom indulged in a holiday.
★毕业后他就是个忙人，难得有机会好好度假。
She seldom goes to the cinema, does she？
★她很少去看电影，是吗？
The demonstrators offered little or no resistance to the police.
★示威群众对警方没怎么抵抗。
The idea of working for state-owned enterprises has little attraction to young people nowadays.
★现在，去国营企业就职的想法对年青人没有多大吸引力。
Although he is a socialist, Mr Wells is scarcely in sympathy with the working class.
★尽管威尔斯先生是一个社会主义者，但他却很少对工人阶级表现出同情之心。
Her voice was scarcely audible above the noise of the wind.
★在风中，她的声音几乎听不见。
His salary is low and he gets few luxuries.
★他的薪水微薄，所以很少买奢侈品。
Literary magazines have few readers compared to news magazines.
★与新闻杂志比起来，文学杂志读者很少。
We have rarely seen such a beautiful sunset.
★我们难得见到这样美丽的日出。
Animals rarely live in completely stable environments.
★动物很少生活在完全稳定的环境里。
He's always driven by his emotions—he rarely considers the consequences of his actions.
★他总是为感情所驱使——很少考虑行动的后果。
句型197：转移否定句
例句：John doesn't think Mary hasn't left her office.
【★】：约翰认为玛丽还没有离开办公室。
【句型点拨】：表示“臆测”、“推断”含义的思想活动动词，如think，suppose，believe，feel，look，imagine等，对它们进行否定时，在语义上被否定的却是它们后面的宾语从句，即否定被转移到宾语从句上。
I don't think this room is big enough to hold all the guests.
★我认为这个房间不够大，容纳不了所有的客人。
She doesn't believe that he needs anything at the moment.
★她认为眼下他不需要任何东西。
She had never felt that anyone needed her, but now she saw that many people did.
★她以前觉得谁也不需要她，可现在她知道许多人需要她。
He didn't imagine that they would tell her anything about that.
★他想他们不会把那事情告诉他的。
I don't think he had the slightest suspicion that something was wrong.
★我认为他丝毫没有怀疑会有什么问题。
I didn't enjoy the film because I didn't think the characters were believable.
★我不喜欢这部电影，因为我觉得影片中的人物不真实。
句型198：平行结构否定句
例句：He didn't come to help, but to hinder us.
【★】：他到这里来不是为了帮助我们，而是来妨碍我们的。
【句型点拨】：由not... but... 连接的结构，形式上否定了句子的谓语动词，但意思上却是否定后面的状语或宾语，形成平行结构否定句。
We do not live to eat, but eat to live.
★我们活着不是为了吃饭，而吃饭是为了活着。
I am not here to rest, but to work.
★我不是来休息的，而是来工作的。
Many, on becoming rich, have found in wealth not an escape from evil but a new and worse form of it.
★许多人发财的时候，便知道财富不能逃避罪恶，反而成为一种新的更可怕的罪恶。
The writer has in mind not a particular class of readers, but men and women in general.
★作者想到的不是某一种特殊阶级的读者，而是一般的男女。
The value of radar doesn't lie in being a substitute for the eye, but in doing what the eye can not do.
★雷达的作用不在于它能代替眼睛，而是起到了眼睛所不能起的作用。
A leader does not exist in the abstract, but in terms of what he does in a specific situation.
★领导者不是抽象的，而是根据具体情况下他的所作所为而存在的。
A mother is not a person to lean on, but a person to make leaning unnecessary.
★母亲并不是赖以依靠的人，而是使依靠变得没有必要的人。
It is not what happens to me that matters but what happens in me.
★发生在我身上的事情并不重要，重要的是发生在我内心的事情。
句型199：加强否定句
例句：He is not in the least interested in such business.
【★】：他对这样的事情毫无兴趣。
【句型点拨】：为了表示说话者的语气，常在句中使用certainly，simply，absolutely，possibly等副词和一些能与not或no构成片语的词丛，如not a bit，not a little，not at all，not in the least，not in the slightest，in no way，under no circumstances，by no means等。
I am not in the least surprised, for I had expected as much.
★我一点也不觉得奇怪，因为我早就知道会这样。
It is absolutely impossible to finish the work within three days.
★在3天内完成这项工作是绝对不可能的。
What he has discovered is something decidedly not to his liking.
★他所发现的肯定不是他所喜欢的东西。
Young people should on no account neglect their physical exercise.
★青年人绝不能忽视体育锻炼。
At no time and under no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
★中国在任何时候、任何情况下，都不首先使用核武器。
I have not the faintest suspicion of his being chief plotter of the affair.
★我一点也没有怀疑他是这个事件的主谋者。
He was not in the least impressed with his difficult position.
★他对于他的处境，丝毫无动于衷。
I cannot remember at all how the watch was lost.
★我一点也想不起这块手表是怎样丢失的。
句型200：排除否定句
例句：There is no such thing as genius; it is nothing but labor and diligence.
【★】：世上无所谓天才，它仅仅是刻苦加勤奋的结果。
【句型点拨】：该句型借助于but，but for，except，except for，excepting，with the exception of，beyond，exclusive of，apart from，aside from，save，save for，barring，other than等表示“除了”含义的介词，将介词词组表示的内容从某种范围内排除出去，形成肯定一部分，否定一部分。
Who but him would do such a thing？
★除他以外还有谁愿意干这种事？
The meeting will be held next Monday barring unforeseen factors.
★如无意外情况，会议将于下星期一举行。
They passed the examination with the exception of three.
★除了3个人外，其他人都及格了。
Everyone was tired after finishing it with the exception of John.
★做完那件事后，除了约翰外，大家都很累。
All the items were discussed exclusive of the last two.
★除了最后两项，其他都讨论过了。
Could you recommend some books other than novels?
★你能介绍几本不是小说的书给我看吗？
Don't take what I said seriously. There's no real point in the remark other than fun.
★不要把我说的话当真。除了开玩笑，我说的没有其他意思。
I have no secret of success but hard work.
★除了努力工作，我别无成功的秘诀。
There is nothing to do but listen and wait.
★除了听候之外，没有别的事可做。
Apart from the cost, the hat doesn't suit me.
★除了价钱之外，这帽子一点儿也不适合我。
All the passengers in a sinking boat drowned except one who was saved by a miracle.
★沉船上的所有乘客都淹死了，只有一个人奇迹般地获救。
It was completely dark except the subtle light given out by a few stars in the far distance in the sky.
★世界一片黑暗，只有深邃的天空中几颗星星发出暗淡的光芒。
We have had mild weather this summer, except for one week of heat.
★今年夏天天气比较凉爽，只有一周比较炎热。
句型201：通过名词表示的含蓄否定句
例句：Shortness of time has required the omission of visiting three other places.
【★】：因为时间不够，取消了对另外3个地方的参观。
【句型点拨】：该句型形式上是肯定句，但因为包含了具有否定意义的名词，意义上成了否定句。
In the absence of the manager Mr Smith is in charge of the business.
★经理不在期间，史密斯先生管理业务。
In the absence of confidence, fear and worry take control.
★没有信心，担心和忧虑就会占上风。
Failure to answer half the questions they asked made the police suspect him.
★警察们提出的问题他连一半也回答不上来，所以他们对他产生了怀疑。
Such changes give rise to sensation of sickness, pain, loss of strength, bad appetite, fever and so on.
★这样的变化会引起呕吐、疼痛、没有力气、食欲不振、发烧等不适的感觉。
Here are some people who feel pride, instead of shame, in their ignorance or scanty knowledge of our own history.
★有些人对自己的历史缺乏了解，但却不以此为耻，反以为荣。
He is in a state of deep depression because of his failure to pass the examination.
★考试没有通过，他情绪很低落。
Her ignorance of the speed limit made her drive faster than 55 miles per hour.
★由于她不知道有时速限制，她以每小时超过55英里的速度驾驶。
The modern world's pursuit of material ends to the neglect of its spiritual needs.
★当今世界追求物质目标而忽视精神需要。
A further complication was Mark's refusal to travel by air.
★更麻烦的是马克不肯坐飞机。
In the developed countries, there's a great shortage of labor force.
★发达国家劳动力非常缺乏。
The project was abandoned for want of funds.
★这个计划因为缺少资金而作罢。
That house stands in neglect, with peeling paint and broken windows.
★那座房子处于无人照管的状态，油漆脱落了，窗户也破了。
句型202：通过动词表示的含蓄否定句
例句：His name escaped me for a moment.
【★】：我一时想不起他的名字。
【句型点拨】：该句型形式上是肯定句，但因为包含了具有否定意义的动词，意义上成了否定句。
Try to judge what is worth looking up and what can be ignored.
★要判断什么值得查，什么可以忽略不理。
The beauty of the landscape passed all power of description.
★风景之美是任何语言所无法形容的。
He falls short in a number of respects in punctuality, in courtesy, and in attention to his work.
★他在守时、礼貌和专心工作等方面都有不足之处。
The secretary complained that her paperwork lacked variety.
★秘书抱怨她的文书工作缺少变化。
He neglects that poor dog—he never takes him for walks or gives him any attention.
★他对那只可怜的狗漠不关心，他从不带它散步，也不看它一眼。
I put all but one ingredient into the soup; I excluded the hot peppers.
★我把所有的佐料都放进去了，只是没有放辣椒。
The company denies, in the face of overwhelming evidence, that smoking causes cancer.
★即使在大量证据面前，公司依然否认吸烟会引发癌症。
Most newsmen missed the significance of the phrasing.
★大多数的记者没有领会这一措词的意义。
In many respects they differ greatly from the Chinese.
★在许多方面他们与中国人大不相同。
They keep the public in the dark about their agreement.
★他们不让公众知道他们的协议。