第22章 时间句型
句型272：when引出的时间状语从句
例句：Imagine my surprise when I saw one man in the car pull out a pocket book and begin to read.
【★】：想象一下，当我看见一个人在汽车中掏出一本袖珍书并开始阅读的时候，我会多么惊奇。
【句型点拨】：when引出时间状语从句时，意思是“当……时”，“在那时”，“一……就……”。表示“在那时”时，一般用逗号与前面的分句分开。
Don't worry about it. It's in the nature of things for children to argue with their parents when they're teenagers.
★青少年常常会和他们的父母争辩，这不足为奇。
The dignity of the occasion was spoilt when she fell down the steps.
★她跌倒在台阶上，破坏了该场合的庄严气氛。
The court was told that he was under the influence of alcohol when he committed the offence.
★法庭得知他是在酒精影响下犯罪。
When they told me I had got the job in New York, I felt by turns excited and anxious.
★当他们告诉我我已经得到了纽约的那份工作时，我既激动又焦虑。
I'll tell you when I know it.
★我一知道那事就告诉你。
They were about to start, when it began to rain.
★他们正要动身，突然下雨了。
句型273：while引出的时间状语从句
例句：While the discussion was going on, George came in.
【★】：讨论正在进行时，乔治进来了。
【句型点拨】：while引导时间状语从句时，指的是一段时间或两个动作的对照，而不是指时间点。
The platoon stood at ease while the officer explained the battle plan.
★全排稍息时，长官跟大家讲解作战计划。
In order to meet their expenses, many students have to work part-time while they are studying.
★为了满足花费，许多学生不得不一边学习，一边打工。
It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.
★当别的孩子在玩耍的时候，很难想象一个学生能集中精力在课本上。
The child vanished while on her way home after a game of tennis.
★那个小女孩打完网球后在回家路上不见了。
While I was saying goodbye to the rest of the guests Isabel took Sophie aside.
★我正在送其他客人时，伊莎贝尔把索菲拉到一边。
While the teacher explained the text, the students listened attentively and took notes.
★老师讲解课文时，同学们注意地听并且做笔记。
句型274：as引出的时间状语从句
例句：As I was going out, it began to rain.
【★】：当我出门时，开始下雨了。
【句型点拨】：as引导时间状语从句时，既可以表示某事一发生，另一事随即发生，也可以表示主从句所表示的动作同时发生。它所在的从句可以出现在主句前，也可以出现在主句后。
As the sun rose, the fog dispersed.
★太阳升起时雾散了。
There was a respectful two-minute silence as we remembered the soldiers who had died in the war.
★当我们缅怀阵亡将士时，默哀了2分钟以示敬意。
As spring warms the good earth, all flowers begin to bloom.
★随着春回大地，百花开始绽放。
As the boys walked along the lake, they sang merrily.
★这些男孩子一边沿着湖走，一边愉快地唱歌。
The structure of the metal begins to change as it exceeds the critical temperature.
★一超过临界温度，金属的结构就开始发生变化。
句型275：till/until引出的时间状语从句
例句：On and on he went, till he reached the outskirts of the wood.
【★】：他一直走，直到走到林子边。
【句型点拨】：until引出时间状语从句时，主句可以是肯定的，也可以是否定的。?梢杂?it is...that强调句对not...until句子进行强调。
Turn the tin over and tap the bottom gently till the cake comes out.
★把罐子翻过来，轻拍它的底部，直到糕饼掉出来为止。
I think I can come tonight but I won't commit myself till I know for sure.
★我想我今晚能来，不过在确知之前我不会做出承诺。
A man can fail many times, but he isn't a failure until he begins to blame somebody else.
★一个人可以失败多次，但是只要他没有开始责怪旁人，他还不是一个失败者。
A man is not old as long as he is seeking something. A man is not old until regrets take the place of dreams.
★只要一个人还有所追求，他就没有老。直到后悔取代了梦想，一个人才算老。
I propose that we wait until the budget has been announced before committing ourselves to any expenditure.
★我建议我们在预算没有宣布以前不要有任何支出。
句型276：whenever引出的时间状语从句
例句：Whenever he gives birth to a new idea, he will put it into practice immediately.
【★】：他一旦有了新的主意，就会立刻付诸实践。
【句型点拨】：whenever引出时间状语从句时，其含义是“每当……”，暗含这一动作发生后，与之有密切联系的另一动作多半会发生。
She blushes furiously whenever she sees him.
★每当看到他时，她的脸就飞快地红了。
Whenever I see him he seems to be rushing.
★每次我见到他，他总是行色匆匆。
He wears a grim expressions whenever he meets people.
★他碰到别人时，总是面带严肃的表情。
The whole house vibrates whenever a heavy lorry passes.
★重型卡车一经过，整所房子都在动。
We should try to be as coherent as possible whenever we speak or write in English.
★无论什么时候我们用英语说话或写作时，都应该尽可能地做到条理清楚。
Whenever he had time, he went to the library to study.
★他只要有时间，就去图书馆。
In either cases, whenever atoms are changed, energy is released.
★在任何情况下，每当原子发生变化，总释放出能量。
句型277：since引出的时间状语从句
例句：There has been a sharp decrease in pollution since the law was introduced.
【★】：自从推行这项法规后，污染已经大大减少了。
【句型点拨】：since引出时间状语从句时，其含义是“自从……以来”，它所在的句子中，主句多用完成时。since前可以使用副词ever。
Except for a lapse of a few weeks when she was taking her exams, she has written to us regularly ever since she left home.
★除了考试的那几个星期，她离家后经常给我们写信。
Tens of thousands of people have been forced to abandon their homes and native villages since the war broke out.
★自从这场战争爆发以来，几万人被迫离乡背井。
He's been at odds with his brother ever since I've known him.
★从我认识他起，他就一直和他的哥哥不和。
Ever since he entered university, he has been subscribing to a monthly magazine about tennis.
★自他进大学，就订着一份网球月刊。
Ever since I got better marks than Parker, he has been hostile to me.
★自从我的得分高过派克后，他就对我不友好了。
Ever since she came back, she busied herself with painting miniature portraits of people.
★她回来后就忙于画微型人画像。
句型278：after引出的时间状语从句
例句：She had three empty rooms in the house after her children left home, so she decided to turn this to her advantage and rent them out to students.
【★】：她的几个孩子长大离家以后，房子里空出来3个房间，所以她打算充分利用，把它们租给学生。
【句型点拨】：after引出时间状语从句时，表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。含有after的句子中，若从句使用一般现在时或现在完成时和一般过去时或过去完成时，主句一般使用一般现在时和一般过去时。若从句使用一般现在时活着完成时，主句用一般将来时。
After her mother died, she abandoned herself to grief.
★母亲死后，她沉浸在悲痛之中。
After you reach a certain point, money becomes unimportant. What matters is success.
★在你达到某个阶段之后，金钱就变得无足轻重。重要的是成功。
A murmur of conversation went through the classroom after the teacher announced the date of the exam.
★教师宣布考试日期后，教室里发出了一阵咕哝声。
A reduction of 100 employees was made after the company was betrayed.
★该公司被卖后，裁减了100名雇员。
句型279：hardly...when等引出的时间状语从句
例句：Hardly had he arrived at the station when it snowed.
【★】：他一到站就下雪了。
【句型点拨】：hardly...when..., scarcely...when/before和no sooner...than引出时间状语从句时，表示主句动作刚一发生，从句动作就随之发生。使用这3个关联从属连词时，主句一般使用过去完成时，从句使用一般过去时。包含这3个连词的句子中，主句中还经常使用倒装结构。
Hardly had he began to speak when his father stopped him.
★他刚开口发言就被父亲制止了。
Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.
★他刚一开始说话，听众就打断了他。
Hardly had the computer gathered the facts done by the students when it began to store them in the memory.
★当计算机把学生们整理好的资料一收集起来，立刻就储存在存储器里。
Hardly had the helicopter landed when the waiting crowd ran toward it.
★直升飞机一着陆，等候的人群便跑了过去。
Hardly had the hiker set out on their trip when it began to rain heavily.
★这些徒步旅行者刚踏上旅途就开始下起大雨。
No sooner had he got off the train than his daughter ran towards him.
★他一下火车，他的女儿就向他跑去。
No sooner had I left my house than it began to rain.
★我刚刚离开家就下雨了。
No sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent.
★这些话刚一出口，他就意识到自己本来应该保持沉默的。
No sooner was the frost off the ground than the work began.
★地上的霜一消散，人们就开始工作。
Scarcely had she entered the room when the phone rang.
★她一进屋电话就响了。
She had hardly (scarcely) gone to bed when the bell rang.
★她刚睡下铃就响了。
They had no sooner left the building than a bomb exploded.
★他们刚刚离开那座大楼，炸弹就爆炸了。
句型280：as soon as引出的时间状语从句
例句：They fell in love as soon as they met; it was love at first sight.
【★】：他们一见面就相爱了，这是一见钟情。
【句型点拨】：as soon as的意思是“刚……就……，一……就……”，它引导的时间状语从句表示主句和从句的动作是紧接着发生的。
Leo turns the television on as soon as he comes home from school.
★利奥放学回到家就打开电视。
I will do that for you as soon as I have fixed the machine.
★我修好机器就会尽快为你完成那个工作。
As soon as they arrived in the town they went out to explore.
★他们一到这城镇就外出察看周围环境。
As soon as he knew what was needed, he decided to apply.
★当他了解到需要什么以后，就决定申请入会。
As soon as he entered, he sensed a tension in the air.
★他一进去就感觉到气氛紧张。
句型281：once引出的时间状语从句
例句：A body, once it is in motion, would never stop of itself if there were no friction.
【★】：假如没有摩擦，物体一旦运动，就不会自行停止。
【句型点拨】：once引出时间状语从句时，其含义是“一旦……，一经……”。
Once you've finished, go to bed.
★你干完了就去睡觉。
Once one loses self-confidence, he can never expect to be successful.
★一个人一旦失去了自信心，就甭想获得成功。
One thing is for sure—once the baby is born, your life will never be the same again.
★有一件事可以肯定，孩子一出生，你们的生活将大不相同。
Once you let him start talking, there is no stopping him.
★一旦你让他开始讲话，就没法让他停止。
The journey there was terrible, but once we'd arrived we had a wonderful time.
★旅行途中很糟糕，但是一到达那儿我们就玩得很开心。
句型282：immediately等副词等引出的时间状语从句
例句：I'll give you an answer immediately I've finished reading your report.
【★】：一看完你的报告，我马上给你答复。
【句型点拨】：immediately, directly, instantly等副词可用作连词，语气比as soon as强些，多用于书面语。
The police went into action directly they heard the alarm.
★一听到警报，警察就行动了起来。
The machine will start instantly you press the button.
★你一按下按钮，机器马上就启动了。
We came directly we got your telephone.
★我们一接到你的电话就赶来了。
I left immediately the clock struck twelve.
★钟一敲12点我就动身了。
Directly he was out of sight of her he wanted to see her.
★他一看不到她就想见她。
I didn't wait a moment, but came immediately you called.
★我一刻也没有等待，你的电话一到我就来了。
Directly I heard the news, I hastened to the spot.
★我一听到消息，马上就赶到了出事地点。
句型283：the moment等名词词组等引出的时间状语从句
例句：He felt a thrill the moment he got into the theatre.
【★】：他一走进剧场就感到十分激动。
【句型点拨】：the moment, the instant, the second和the minute用作连词时，其意思是“一……就，立即”。
The moment the button is pressed the machine starts.
★一按电钮，机器就开动起来。
I was gripped by the film from the moment it started.
★这部电影一开始我就被它吸引住了。
The eager children mobbed the candy man the moment he appeared.
★卖糖果的人刚出现，急切的孩子们便把他包围了。
I predicted the Mayor will scrap the plan, the minute he gets reelected.
★我断定那位市长一重新当选就会放弃那个计划。
He was late and he activated the machine by pressing the button the minute he entered the workshop.
★他迟到了，于是，他一进工作室就按下按钮，发动了机器。
You see the lightning the instant it happens but you hear the thunder later.
★闪电一发生，你就可以看见它，但要过上一会儿你才能听见雷声。
The instant he heard the news, he told it to me.
★他一听到那则消息就立即把它告诉了我。
He ran across the grass the instant he perceived his mother.
★他一看见他母亲就穿过草地向她跑去。
We'll leave the minute you're ready.
★你准备好了我们就走。
My trouble is that I lose my head the second I take exams.
★我头痛的是一考试我就乱了分寸。
句型284：next time等名词词组等引出的时间状语从句
例句：You ought to come and see me next time you are home.
【★】：下次回家时你要来看我们。
【句型点拨】：有些名词词组，比如含有time和day的名词词组，可用作连词。
Be sure to call us next time you come to visit our university.
★下次来我们学校参观，一定来看看我们。
She demands sweets every time she sees me.
★她每次见到我都要糖吃。
Each time you experience a defeat, remind yourself that you're one step closer to your dream.
★每当经历一次失败，要提醒自己，你朝梦想又走进了一步。
Each time you let go, you are sure to come close to self-fulfillment.
★每一次放弃，一定是进一步地超越自我。
Next time you come, please bring your composition.
★你下次来，请把作文带来。
Each time the flood came, the marks on the land were washed away.
★洪水每次来时，都把田地上的标记冲走。
Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.
★每次我按你的意见办事，总是出麻烦。
The first time they met with each other they felt they would become good friends.
★他们首次见面时就觉得会成为好朋友。
The second time I saw him, he was already married.
★我第二次看到他时，他已经结婚了。
The year she entered the college, she was twenty-seven, still looked very young.
★她上大学时已经27岁，但看上去却很年轻。
The day he returned home, his father was already dead.
★他回家的那天，他的父亲已经死了。